The doukhobors, their history in russia, their migration to canada elkinton, joseph on. The doukhobors, their history in russia, their migration to canada paperback september 8, 2010 by joseph elkinton author 1. Doukhobors attempted to recreate russian communal life in canada and. Doukhobor womens challenge to the canadian agricultural ideal draft paper, long form rural history conference, bern switzerland, august 20 dr. The central problem animating this dissertation is the question of how we understand the position of a settler group like the doukhobors in canadian settler colonialism. The canadaunited states border, officially known as the international boundary, is the longest international border in the world between two countries. Their agrarian communal society in some respects similar to those of the amish and the hutterites was a glowing tribute to their slogan of toil and peaceful life. Arriving in saskatchewan in 1899, doukhobors demanded from the canadian government the preservation of their commune, which was considered as the. The doukhobor movement emerged in the 18th century as a russian christian peasant reaction to the excessive opulence, elaborate rituals and authoritative practices of the orthodox church. Write in your heart, tell by your mouth, is an old doukhobor.
Before the doukhobors came subsection 3 of section 21 of the militia act, chapter 41 of the revised statutes of canada, 1873, in part. Doukhobor history 17th century to 1987 winlaw, bc, canada. It includes some lists of names for the period 1899 to 1902. Identity conflict and the canadian doukhobor problem, 18991999 ashleigh brienne androsoff degree of doctor of philosophy, graduate department of history, university of toronto, 2011 abstract at the end of the nineteenth century, canada sought desirable immigrants to settle the northwest. In sum, western canada framed itself as a mutually beneficial region for settlement to a religious minority seeking isolation and an expansionist federal government seeking to colonize peripheral territory. The honourable peter kent, canadas environment minister and minister responsible for parks canada, today announced the unveiling of two historic sites and monuments board of canada plaques commemorating peter vasilyevich verigin as a person of national historic significance and the migration of doukhobors to british columbia as an event of national historic significance. Looks at the group from the eyes of an insider combined with the perspective of a practising anthropologist. Canada is a constitutional monarchy, a parliamentary democracy, and a federal state. Doukhobors refuse to return to their villages hs8510522. The doukhobors, their history in russia, their migration. In august 1923, nineteen doukhobors crossed the canadaus border on their way to eugene, followed in april 1924 by twelve doukhobors. The history of the doukhobors, is a wellwritten and balanced history of the doukhobor movement, while william janzen, limits on liberty. During the eighteenth century they were persecuted by both church and state as schismatics and pacifists.
This file contains documentation about doukhobors in canada, 18981947. Aug 22, 20 doukhobors are a sect of russian dissenters, many of whom now live in western canada. Doukhobors are a sect of russian dissenters, many of whom now live in western canada. The doukhobors, their history in russia, their migration to. Sons of freedom doukhobors of saskatchewan win communal. Doukhobors and canadaunited states border see more. Given the nature of the doukhobor problem, one should ask what was political and social landscape preceding the excerpts publication. The government of canada recognizes the contribution of the. The doukhobors in canada is an article from the advocate of peace 18941920, volume 61. Members of the uscc share a rich heritage and eventful history spanning centuries and continents.
George woodcock and ivan avakumovic, the doukhobors toronto, 1968, which generously used koozma j. It uses the doukhobors historical experience in canada to showcase a wide spectrum of. Jul 14, 2016 17th to 19th century doukhobor ideals on pacifism, simple living and personal responsibility evolve in russia. The first comprehensive studies about doukhobors by orest markovich novitsky 18061884 are online 1832 o about dukhobors, 146 pages, pdf, 50 mb.
He traces the doukhobor history from its obscure beginnings in early eighteenthcentury russia down to the 1960s. The kids site of canadian settlement doukhobors archived. The languages of the doukhobors in canada the doukhobors are a pacifist ethnic minority in canada whose belief system developed when they split off from the russian orthodox church, possibly as early as the midseventeenth century, a period of considerable dissension in that organization. In 1899 approximately 7,500 members of the doukhobor religious movement fled oppression in russia and arrived in canada with the hope of creating an earthly paradise based on. View more articles from the advocate of peace 18941920. New doukhobors and canadaunited states border see more canadian museum of history. Canada witnessed the beginning of its largest mass immigration in its history when a group of some 7,500 doukhobors began arriving from the russian caucasus and settling, under the auspices of a canadian government initiative, as collective homesteaders on the canadian prairies. Doukhobors of opposed factions, and between doukhobors and state authorities in russia and in canada who insisted on conformity to social, economic, legal, and political norms. The term literally means spirit wrestlers and the priest in. Canada benefited from the forced toil of many minority groups such as the doukhobors, yet these minority groups who, taken together arent much of a minority, receive little recognition in the story of the building of canada. Watson 18611943 received permission from peter lordly verigin to visit the doukhobors in their communes in saskatchewan and british columbia. Today, their descendants in canada number approximately 20,000, with one third still active in their culture. Partly published in june 1969 under the title pictorial history of the doukhobors. Doukhobors and canada 2011 census see more canadaunited states border.
Their history in russia, their migration to canada, by joseph elkinton, 336 pages. With a time span covering some 250 years, this book is truly a definitive pictorial history of the doukhobors. The images listed here are comprised of photographs, postcards, and clippings. The doukhobors arrive in canada, the canadian encyclopedia. This article was published by the ubc library in 20 about the history of the columbia river area, where the doukhobors established a community. Doukhobors sailing for canada 1899 with images canada. The hidden history of a russian religious sects attempts. In june of 1900, the doukhobors presented a petition to the canadian government, signed by twentytwo delegates of the society of universal brotherhood organization demanding exemption from the law. They are descendants of russian peasants, derisively named doukhobors, or spirit wrestlers, for their rejection of icon worship and other church rituals.
Also see fullview searchable page images at the hathi trust digital library 1882. The portable document format pdf is a file format developed in the 1990s to present documents, including text formatting and images, in a manner independent of application software, hardware, and operating systems. Doukhobors, rg 76, volumes 183 to 184, file 65101, microfilms c7337 to c7340. Love thy neighbor as thyself as reflected in the golden rule. In canadian history, doukhobors have not been neutral observers or an obscure quiet lot. This follows an unmistakable trend of a shrinking doukhobor population in canada in each and every census since the doukhobor populations peak in the 1941 census at 16,898. Visit our home page for latest doukhobor news and quick links to our calendar, video page, search box and more about the doukhobors. With a stout wife doukhobor womens challenge to the. See all 35 formats and editions hide other formats and editions. By completing his novel boacpeceme, and by using the royalties on behalf of the. Canadian government has had to face in recent years is that connected. Sons of freedom doukhobors of saskatchewan win communal landholding, canada, 19001907 june 1900 to.
In canada, the doukhobors, established a communal lifestyle which has sometimes been referred to as their golden age. Who are the doukhobors doukhobors union of spiritual. In 1918, writer victoria hayward 18761958 and photographer edith s. On board were 2100 official passengers plus stowaways, the first large group of doukhobors to immigrate to canada. Tarasoffs 1963 unpublished 3volume manuscript in search of brotherhood. Arriving in saskatchewan in 1899, doukhobors demanded from the canadian government the preservation of their commune, which was considered as the basis of their livelihood and strengthening of faith.
In august 1923, nineteen doukhobors crossed the canada us border on their way to eugene, followed in april 1924 by twelve doukhobors. Exemption from the swearing of an oath of allegiance to the crown, and from the individual registration of land occupied by doukhobors methods. All the photos on these pages were taken at a demonstration held at the university of saskatchewan and put on by the saskatoon arts and crafts society in june, 1925. Every person bearing a certificate from the society of quakers, mennonites or tunkers and every inhabitant of canada of any religious denomination, otherwise subject to military duty, who, from the doctrines of his religion, is averse to bearing arms and. Doukhobor education as colonial history canadian political. Koozma tarasoff popular myths or fallacies about the. See more ideas about my heritage, canadian history and history. Canadian ethnic studies etudes ethniques au canada 273.
Sons of freedom doukhobors of saskatchewan win communal land. Old pictures old photos vintage photographs vintage photos ellis island immigrants national history lower east side cultural diversity new york city. The doukhobors do not keep written records of their psalms, poems or history, but in the fashion of the old english ballads, they are handed down from generation to generation by mouth. Abstractfor the britishcanadian writer and intellectual george woodcock, the doukhobors a persecuted radical christian sect, many members of which emigrated from russia to canada at the turn of the twentieth century were a continual source of fascination. After a monthlong voyage from russia, the steamship lake huron arrived in halifax harbour on 20 january 1899. The doukhobor women show great deftness, in manual labor. Understanding doukhobor education as implicated in settler colonialism provides an alternative reading of doukhobor history. A sociological study of the doukhobors in canada history in brief, ideology, social organization, land tenure and technology, bibliography. Spirit wrestling identity conflict and the canadian. They are also proud canadian citizens and participants in the economic, social and cultural landscape of this country. They are known for a radical pacifism which brought them notoriety during the 20th century. Doukhobor cause, tolstoy enabled this sect to emigrate to canada in 1899, and. Their history in russia, their migration to canada. Personal experiences among the doukhobors in canada.
Library and archives canada, doukhobors collection, c005208. Czarist persecution of pacifist doukhobors intensifies after the burning of arms in 1895. The doukhobors, their history in russia, their migration to canada. The government of canada recognizes the contribution of. The honourable peter kent, canada s environment minister and minister responsible for parks canada, today announced the unveiling of two historic sites and monuments board of canada plaques commemorating peter vasilyevich verigin as a person of national historic significance and the migration of doukhobors to british columbia as an event of national historic significance.
It is also a rapidly ageing population, with 38% of those selfidentifying as doukhobor being 65 years or age or older more than double the rate of the canadian. The doukhobors are a russian religious group whose. Google ebook pdf university of toronto 1904 a peculiar people. It was under these terms that 7400 doukhobors reached canada in 1899 hoping to start a new life and end a history of persecution. Doukhobors today, as individuals or organizations, continue to be active pacifists and aspire to preserve their traditional values, russian heritage, language and customs. Doukhobor history as part of a larger colonial history in canada. Thoughts on the future of the doukhobors in canada ryan. The name was coined by the orthodox opponents of the dukhobors, who had originally called themselves christians of the universal brotherhood.
Presumably, they came to establish verigins friendly valley. Canadian colonial history is hinted at in woodcock and avakumovics influential work the. Doukhobors history and cultural relations doukhobors originated in the russian raskol, or schism of the 1650s, but did not become a distinct sect until the early 1700s. Also see fullview searchable page images at the hathi trust digital library. Drawing mainly from public critiques of this incident, this paper explains the conflict between the cultural and agricultural priorities of canadas homesteading program, using the ploughpulling doukhobor women as a case study. The hidden history of a russian religious sects attempts to found colonies in the beaver state ron verzuh we shall gather as a human family and form the brotherhood of man toil and peaceful life shall be our foremost emblem love shall reign supreme throughout the land from a traditional doukhobor hymn 1 w. A guide to the doukhobor archives canadian museum of history. The arrival of doukhobors in canada 1899 the canadian. The hidden history of a russian religious sects attempts to. Doukhobors article about doukhobors by the free dictionary. History of the doukhobors in the archives of vladimir d. Discover canada the rights and responsibilities of citizenship. Multicultural canada, archived from the original on 20120504, including simon fraser university doukhobor collection and james mavors personal and professional papers documenting doukhobor immigration to canada.
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